A degree-preserving linear plane projection of a prime affine curve in characteristic zero loses at most d(d-1) points from any finite source set. The proof constructs a common derivative denominator and all reconstruction identities, with no normalization or exceptional-fiber hypothesis.
theorem
CCDN.degree_preserving_projection_reconstruction
{K : Type u_1}
{τ : Type u_2}
[Field K]
[CharZero K]
[Finite τ]
(I : Ideal (MvPolynomial τ K))
[I.IsPrime]
(a : Fin 2 → MvPolynomial τ K)
(ha : ∀ (i : Fin 2), (a i).totalDegree ≤ 1)
(d : ℕ)
(hdegree : HasFilteredCurveDegree I d)
(hu : Transcendental K ((Ideal.Quotient.mk I) (a 0)))
(f : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) K)
(hf : f ≠ 0)
(hfd : f.totalDegree = d)
(hker : ∀ (g : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) K), (MvPolynomial.aeval a) g ∈ I ↔ f ∣ g)
:
(MvPolynomial.aeval a) ((MvPolynomial.pderiv 1) f) ∉ I ∧ ((MvPolynomial.pderiv 1) f).totalDegree ≤ d - 1 ∧ ∃ (P : τ → MvPolynomial (Fin 2) K),
∀ (i : τ),
(P i).totalDegree ≤ d ∧ (MvPolynomial.aeval a) ((MvPolynomial.pderiv 1) f) * MvPolynomial.X i - (MvPolynomial.aeval a) (P i) ∈ I
All source coordinates have the same proper reconstruction denominator, namely the partial derivative of the plane image equation.
theorem
CCDN.degree_preserving_projection_card_le
{K : Type u_1}
{τ : Type u_2}
[Field K]
[CharZero K]
[Finite τ]
[DecidableEq (Fin 2 → K)]
(I : Ideal (MvPolynomial τ K))
[I.IsPrime]
(a : Fin 2 → MvPolynomial τ K)
(ha : ∀ (i : Fin 2), (a i).totalDegree ≤ 1)
(d : ℕ)
(hdegree : HasFilteredCurveDegree I d)
(hu : Transcendental K ((Ideal.Quotient.mk I) (a 0)))
(f : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) K)
(hf : f ≠ 0)
(hfd : f.totalDegree = d)
(hker : ∀ (g : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) K), (MvPolynomial.aeval a) g ∈ I ↔ f ∣ g)
(S : Finset (τ → K))
(hS : ∀ z ∈ S, z ∈ idealZeroLocus I)
:
S.card ≤ (Finset.image (fun (z : τ → K) (j : Fin 2) => (MvPolynomial.eval z) (a j)) S).card + d * (d - 1)
Uniform exceptional-fiber control for any degree-preserving linear plane projection, including curves that are not geometrically integral.