Section 14.2, part 2b: lem:shortblock, window masses, deletion, sums #
This file was automatically generated by Claude.
Formalization of blueprint Section 14, "The two-side estimate" (sec:sides), subsection 2,
"Comparison on a short depth block", part 2b: lem:shortblock: window masses, deletion, comparison,
sums (lines 2318-2371) of blueprint/formalization_blueprint.tex.
Blueprint line 2331 (total mass): ∫_E |z|² ≤ |E|.
Blueprint lines 2332-2333 (regular slots): leaves of length at most ρ meeting an interval
window of length ℓ carry mass at most ℓ + 2ρ.
Blueprint line 2334 (local bound): if every leaf meeting a set I lies inside I, the mass
on I is at most |I|.
Blueprint line 2330 ("Minkowski and the sign moments"): if a random function F^σ on a
window satisfies the pointwise moment bound (E|F^σ(w)|^a)^{1/a} ≤ C_a Z(w) with a ≥ 2, then
(E ‖F^σ‖₂^a)^{1/a} ≤ C_a ‖Z‖₂.
Blueprint lines 2336-2340 ("Hölder in the random variables"): averaging the mixed absolute
estimate over a random parameter ω ∈ (Ω, P) and applying Hölder with four L⁴(P) factors,
E ∫ Π_j g_j^ω(n_j, w_j) ≤ C Π_j (E ‖g_j^ω‖_{L^{p_j}}⁴)^{1/4}.
Cauchy–Schwarz on the normalized fast circle: ∫ h ≤ (∫ h²)^{1/2}.
Blueprint lines 2336-2337 (the heavy slot, "unitarity and Minkowski"): the L⁴(P) norm of
the local L¹ norm is at most ε Σ_m (E ‖g(m, ·)‖₂⁴)^{1/4}.
Blueprint line 2338 ("normalized norm monotonicity", regular slots): a function supported on
the windows of finitely many slow points S has local L³ norm at most (ε |S|)^{1/12} times
its local L⁴ norm.
The fourth power of the local L⁴ norm: ‖g‖₄⁴ = ε Σ_m ∫ g(m, ·)⁴.
The multiplied fast trigonometric polynomial as a function on the fast circle.
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- TrilinearHT.Auto.fastCircleMultiplied s a c γ t = ∑ m ∈ s, a m * TrilinearHT.Auto.ePhase (γ * ↑m ^ 2 / ↑c) * (fourier m) t
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The random multiplied fast window of slot data A: at the random parameter q = (ω, γ) and
the point (m, t), |U_γ F^ω(m, ·)(t)| with F^ω(m, ·) = Σ_k A(ω, m, k) e(k t / 16).
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- TrilinearHT.Auto.fastWindow s A c q y = ‖TrilinearHT.Auto.fastCircleMultiplied s (A q.1 y.1) c q.2 y.2‖ₑ
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Blueprint lines 2334-2340 (deletion error at one cell): for random multiplied windows built
from fast data A_j supported on slow points S_j, the expected positive form is at most
C times, in the heavy slot h, ε Σ_m (E e_h(m)⁴)^{1/4}, and in each regular slot,
((ε|S_j|)^{1/3} ε Σ_m E 2 e_j(m)⁴)^{1/4} (exponents (1, 3, 3, 3), Hölder in (ω, γ),
Minkowski and unitarity in the heavy slot, eq:fourth-moment in the regular slots).
The interval input g(y) = Σ_{m ∈ T} G(m) 1_{|y - δ m| < c δ} of blueprint line 2346.
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Blueprint lines 2347-2349, pointwise: the product of the four interval inputs on a real
progression is the sum over lattice pairs n of Π_j G_j(n_j) on the cell of n.
|intervalCell| = δ² |offsetPolygon|.
Blueprint lines 2347-2352 (continuous comparison, sampled kernel): with interval inputs and
the kernel sampled at the rounded centers, the continuous progression form equals
δ² |offsetPolygon| times the lattice form Σ_n K(n) Π_j G_j(n_j).
The kernel sampled at the rounded centers: with n₀ = ⌊x/δ + 1/2⌋ and
n₁ = ⌊(x + t)/δ + 1/2⌋, its value is w(δ n₀, δ(n₁ - n₀)) (blueprint line 2353).
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Blueprint lines 2353-2355 (second kernel-sampling error): replacing an admissible kernel on a
cell of length r by its values at the rounded centers changes the form by at most
4 C_κ (δ / r) times the product of normalized local norms, for 5 δ ≤ μ r.
Interval inputs have compact support.
Interval inputs lie in every L^p.
Blueprint lines 2355-2357 (eq:CN for the interval inputs): for fixed fast and random
parameters the interval inputs are measurable, compactly supported and in every L^q, so the
original admissible kernels on the original summation cells (at most N consecutive depths)
satisfy Σ_I |I| |H_I(g)| ≤ C_N ∫ Π_j M_q g_j.
Blueprint lines 2358-2362 ("one Hölder inequality of exponent four in (γ, σ, u, v), then
spatial Hölder"): for exponents p_j > 0 with Σ 1/p_j = 1,
∫_y E ∫∫ Π_j h_j(y, ω, (1-j)u + jv) ≤ Π_j ‖h_j‖_{L^{p_j}_y L⁴_{ω, w}}; each map
(u, v) ↦ (1-j)u + jv has Haar pushforward, so the inner norm is a single L⁴ norm.
Blueprint lines 2362-2364: for c ≤ 1/2, the mixed L^p_y L⁴ norm of an interval input is
‖g‖^p = Σ_{n ∈ T} 2 c δ (∫ |F_n|⁴)^{p/4}.
Assembly of eq:shortblock: the rectangle decomposition (blueprint lines 2290-2296) #
The per-slot condition of a rectangle; membership is the product of these conditions.
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The finitely many rectangle parameters relevant for depths below 2^m.
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Blueprint lines 2290-2296 (multilinear splitting along the rectangles): if every point has a
leaf depth below 2^m (a measurable labelling dep), then the local form splits as the sum over
the valid rectangles of the forms with the inputs restricted to the side conditions.
The partial sum, as a function, is the unmultiplied fast trigonometric polynomial.
Blueprint lines 2324-2325 ("the L² progression estimate passes to limits"): the fast form of
one slow tuple is continuous in L² of each slot.
The symmetric fast partial sums S_N F = Σ_{|m| ≤ N} F̂(m) e(m ·/16) of an L² function on
the fast circle, as functions.
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- TrilinearHT.Auto.fastPartialSum N F = TrilinearHT.Auto.fastCircleMultiplied (Finset.Icc (-↑N) ↑N) (fourierCoeff F) 1 0
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S_N F → F in L² (blueprint lines 2324-2325, limiting route).
Bessel's inequality for the Fourier coefficients of a function.
Measurability of the uncentered maximal function in all variables #
The uncentered maximal function is a supremum over intervals with rational endpoints containing the point in their interior.
The source's maximal function M_q f(y, ω) of a jointly measurable family is jointly
measurable.
Window masses inside an interval: if the windows of all m ∈ S lie in J, then
Σ_{m ∈ S} ∫_{window m} g ≤ L_j ∫_J g.
The fourth random moment of a local L² norm (blueprint line 2330, "Minkowski and the sign
moments"): (E ‖z^σ‖_{L²(ν)}⁴)^{1/4} ≤ C₄ ‖Z‖_{L²(ν)}.
Distinct cells at one depth are disjoint: their masses add up to at most the total mass.
Blueprint lines 2307-2312 (summed first sampling error): with the local bounds
∫_I Z_j² ≤ |I|, the masses ∫ Z_j² ≤ m_j and Σ_{s} δ/r_s ≤ 1 over the occurring depths,
E Σ_I |I| |H_I^{err}(z^σ)| ≤ 4 C_κ C₄⁴ m_a^{1/2} m_b^{1/2} for any two distinct slots.
Joint measurability of the multiplied partial sums of the lifted random slots.
Almost every random parameter gives L² inputs (fourth moments and finite masses).
The fast data of the partial sums S_N F^σ.
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- D.partialData N σ j m = TrilinearHT.Auto.fastPartialSum N (TrilinearHT.Auto.slotLift D.δ (D.inp σ) j m)
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For L² inputs the lattice sums of S_N F^σ converge to that of F^σ (blueprint
lines 2324-2325).
Blueprint lines 2324-2325 ("pass to limits"): by Fatou, the expected lattice sum of the lifted inputs is at most the limit inferior of those of the partial sums.
Blueprint lines 2314-2317 on T₀²: the multipliers leave the fast form unchanged.
The multiplied partial sums U_{j,γ} S_N of the weighted lifted slots.
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Blueprint lines 2314-2343 (first step of the comparison for fixed N): the lattice sum of
S_N F^σ equals that of U_γ S_N F^σ for every γ; splitting the heavy slot into retained
and deleted windows bounds it by the γ-average of the two lattice sums.
Bessel's inequality in ℝ≥0∞ for any measurable function on the fast circle.
The deterministic fast window size e_j(m) = ‖Z_j(δ(m + ·))‖_{L²(T₀)} (blueprint line 2328).
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- D.ewin j m = (∫⁻ (t : TrilinearHT.Auto.FastCircle), ‖TrilinearHT.Auto.slotLift D.δ D.Zc j m t‖ₑ ^ 2 ∂TrilinearHT.Auto.fastHaar) ^ (1 / 2)
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The window of the slow point m in slot j.
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- D.window j m = Set.Ico (D.δ * (↑m + TrilinearHT.Auto.fastLiftLeft j)) (D.δ * (↑m + TrilinearHT.Auto.fastLiftLeft j + TrilinearHT.Auto.fastLiftLen j))
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Blueprint line 2330 ("Minkowski and the sign moments") at a fast window:
(E ‖F_j^σ(m, ·)‖₂⁴)^{1/4} ≤ C₄ e_j(m).
The kernel support of a cell: the slow pairs with nonzero sampled kernel.
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The slow points of slot j relevant to the cell I.
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- D.slow I j = Finset.image (TrilinearHT.Auto.latticeCoord ↑↑j) (D.supp I)
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The sample point of a relevant slow pair has all progression coordinates δ n_j in the
interior part [a + μ r, a + r - μ r] of the cell.
The windows of relevant slow points lie in the cell.
The coefficients of the weighted multiplied slots restricted to the relevant slow points of a cell.
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Blueprint lines 2334-2337 (the lattice form dominates): the lattice sum of weighted multiplied
slots is at most 256 C_κ' Σ_I |I| times the positive mixed forms of the fast windows on the
kernel supports, with weights ε = δ / r_I.
The squared fast mass of a lifted random slot.
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- D.slotMass σ j m = ∫⁻ (t : TrilinearHT.Auto.FastCircle), ‖TrilinearHT.Auto.slotLift D.δ (D.inp σ) j m t‖ₑ ^ 2 ∂TrilinearHT.Auto.fastHaar
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Fourth moment of the slot masses: (E X²)^{1/4} ≤ C₄ e_j(m).
The window sum of a cell: Σ_{m relevant} e_j(m)² ≤ (16 δ)⁻¹ 8 ∫_I Z_j².
The heavy factor of the deletion bound at one cell (blueprint lines 2335-2337):
ε Σ_m (E fastMass²)^{1/4} ≤ C₄ A⁻¹ (2 r_I)⁻¹ ∫_I Z_a² for the deleted windows e_a > A.
The regular factor of the deletion bound at one cell (blueprint line 2338):
((ε|S|)^{1/3} ε Σ_m E 2 fastMass²)^{1/4} ≤ (2^{1/3} · 4 C₄⁴ E₂²)^{1/4} when e_j² ≤ E₂.
The regular-slot constant of the deletion bound.
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- TrilinearHT.Auto.BlockData.regConst C4 E2 = (2 ^ (1 / 3) * (4 * ENNReal.ofReal C4 ^ 4 * ENNReal.ofReal E2 ^ 2)) ^ (1 / 4)
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Blueprint lines 2334-2343 (deletion of the large heavy windows): deleting in the heavy slot
the slow points with e_a(m) > A, the expected lattice sum of the deleted part is at most
C A⁻¹ Σ_I ∫_I Z_a² (exponents (1,3,3,3), Hölder in (σ, γ), regular windows e_j² ≤ E₂).
The rounded-center kernel of a kernel with local progression support on [a, a + r] has
local progression support on [a - 3δ, a + r + 3δ].
The interval inputs of the comparison at the fast point x ∈ T₀² (blueprint line 2346), with
c = 1/8.
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- D.gin N w γ σ x j = TrilinearHT.Auto.intervalInput D.δ (1 / 8) D.T fun (m : ℤ) => D.multWith N w γ σ j m ((TrilinearHT.Auto.fastCoord ↑↑j) x)
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The second kernel-sampling error at a cell.
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Blueprint lines 2345-2352 at one cell: the sampled lattice sum of the multiplied slots is
(256 / |polygon|) ∫_{T₀²} H_I^{round}(g^x), the form of the interval inputs with the kernel
sampled at the rounded centers.
Blueprint lines 2345-2357 (continuous comparison): for every σ, γ the lattice sum of the
multiplied slots is at most (256/|polygon|) ∫_{T₀²} of the summed absolute forms of the interval
inputs plus their second sampling errors.
The interval-input family of slot j, as a function of y and the inner variables
((σ, γ), w).
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Blueprint eq:fourth-moment with the sign moments (lines 2318-2330): the fourth moment of a
weighted multiplied slot over (σ, γ, w) is at most 2 |w|⁴ (C₄ e_j(m))⁴.
Blueprint lines 2362-2364 for the comparison inputs:
‖g_j‖^p_{L^p_y L⁴} = Σ_m 2cδ (E ∫ |G_j(m)|⁴)^{p/4} ≤ Σ_m (δ/4) (2 |w|⁴ (C₄ e_j(m))⁴)^{p/4}.
Blueprint lines 2355-2364 (the main term): eq:CN for the interval inputs at every fast and
random parameter, Tonelli, one Hölder inequality of exponent four in (γ, σ, u, v) and spatial
Hölder, and the mixed maximal estimate eq:mixed-Mq give
E ∫∫ Σ_I |I| |H_I(g)| ≤ C_N Π_j C_j ‖g_j‖_{L^{p_j}_y L⁴}.
The normalized local L² norm of a localized interval input.
Minkowski's inequality in L² for finite sums of nonnegative functions.
The localization interval of the second sampling error at a cell.
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The second sampling error only sees the inputs on J_I.
The windows of the slow points meeting J_I lie in the cell.
The weighted cell sum of eq:shortblock (lines 2309-2312): with local masses Y_j(I) at
most the total masses m_j on each depth and Σ_s δ / r_s ≤ 1,
Σ_I (δ / r_I) Y_a(I)^{1/2} Y_b(I)^{1/2} ≤ m_a^{1/2} m_b^{1/2}.
The localized squared masses of the comparison inputs at a cell.
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Pointwise second sampling error: ‖H_I^{err}(g)‖ ≤ 4 C_κ (δ / r) Π_j X_j^{1/2}.
The L² size of the localized masses: (E ∫ X_j²)^{1/2} ≤ K r⁻¹ ∫_I Z_j².
Blueprint lines 2353-2355 (second sampling error, integrated): at one cell,
E ∫∫ |I| |H_I^{err}(g)| ≤ 4 C_κ K² (δ / r_I) Y_a^{1/2} Y_b^{1/2}.
The total window mass of a slot: Σ_{m ∈ S} e_j(m)² ≤ (16 δ)⁻¹ 8 ∫ Z_j².
Blueprint lines 2364-2366 (window power sums): if every retained window has e_j(m) ≤ B,
then ‖g_j‖_{L^p_y L⁴} ≤ ((1/8) 2^{p/4} C₄^p B^{p-2} m_j)^{1/p}.
Blueprint lines 2314-2369 for the partial sums S_N: the expected lattice sum is bounded,
uniformly in N, by the deletion error, the main term and the second sampling error.
lem:shortblock at one leaf-depth rectangle (blueprint lines 2298-2369): the expected signed
sum is at most the first and second sampling errors (≲ m_a^{1/2} m_b^{1/2}), the deletion error
(≲ A⁻¹ Σ_I ∫_I Z_a²) and the main term C_N Π_j C_j (B_j^{p_j - 2} m_j)^{1/p_j}.
The leaf mask E_j of slot j in a rectangle.
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- T.mask R j = TrilinearHT.Auto.leafUnion (T.sel R j) (TrilinearHT.Auto.ShortBlockTree.cl G) (TrilinearHT.Auto.ShortBlockTree.cr G)
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At most 16 + 64 m levels.
The comparison data of one leaf-depth rectangle (blueprint lines 2298-2303): the summation
cells coarser than the separating depth t, the sampling scale δ = β r_t, and the inputs
restricted to the rectangle's leaf masks.
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The mass hypothesis of the rectangle: ∫ Z_j² ≤ |E_j|.
The local hypothesis of the rectangle: ∫_I Z_j² ≤ |I|.
The sampling weights of the rectangle: Σ_s δ / r_s ≤ 1.
The regular window bound of the rectangle (blueprint lines 2331-2333):
e_j(m)² ≤ 1/2 + 1/(8β) for the slots other than the heavy one.
The kernel of an admissible local form vanishes unless all progression coordinates lie in the cell.
A local form vanishes when one input vanishes on the cell.
Below the separating depth, the heavy mask misses every internal cell.
Blueprint lines 2290-2296 (the rectangle decomposition of the signed sum): for inputs in
L² on the root, Σ_I |I| ε_I H_I(z^σ) = Σ_R Σ_{I : depth < t_R} |I| ε_I H_I(z^σ 1_{E_R}).
rect_bound instantiated at a leaf-depth rectangle of the tree piece.
Within a level, the heavy masks of distinct valid rectangles are disjoint, so their measures add up to at most the root length.
Within a level, the designated masks are disjoint.
Summing the local masses over the cells costs the number of depths:
Σ_I ∫_I Z_j² ≤ #depths · ∫ Z_j².
The main-term product of a rectangle (blueprint lines 2362-2368): with exponents p_* in the
heavy slot a and designated slot b, p elsewhere, heavy window bound A, regular bound
E ≥ 1 and masks of measure at most |R|.
The bound of one leaf-depth rectangle in a form uniform over the rectangles.
Blueprint lines 2366-2369 (summing the rectangle bounds over positions and levels): with
n_L levels and at most 2^m positions per level, designated disjointness gives
Σ_R [X₁ (M_a M_b)^{1/2} + X₂ K M_a + Y M_a^{1/p} M_b^{1/p}] ≤ n_L (X₁ |R| + X₂ K |R| + Y (2^m)^{1 - 2/p} |R|^{2/p}).
The root is covered by leaves of finite total mass.
Almost every random parameter gives inputs in L² of the root.
The sampling-error constant of eq:shortblock.
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The deletion constant of eq:shortblock.
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The main-term constant of eq:shortblock.
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The number of levels for depths below 2^m.
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eq:shortblock for normalized sizes, before the numerical simplification of the
constants (blueprint lines 2276-2369).
The constant of eq:shortblock.
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The numerical form of the core bound.
Lemma lem:shortblock (blueprint lines 2276-2283, eq:shortblock). Let a finite dyadic
tree piece have root R, internal summation cells in at most K consecutive depths, lying in the
original N-depth range [d₀, d₀ + N), and leaves in that block or one depth below. Suppose
deterministic inputs z_j satisfy ‖z_j‖_{2,L} ≤ s_j on every leaf, and the scalar
randomizations satisfy (E_σ|z_j^σ(y)|⁴)^{1/4} ≤ C₄ ‖z_j(y)‖ (the finite moment used). Then for
arbitrary measurable |ε_I(σ)| ≤ 1 and any subcollection of internal cells,
E_σ |Σ_I |I| ε_I(σ) H_I(z^σ)| ≤ C_q (1 + C_N) (1 + log(K+2)) (K+2)^{2(q-2)/(q-1)} |R| Π_j s_j,
with C_q depending only on the kernel class, q ∈ (2, 3) and C₄.
lem:shortblock with the depth window imposed only on the summation cells of nonzero kernel:
cells with zero kernel contribute nothing (blueprint line 2836, the used cells of the original
N depths).